Texes Social Studies Content Practice Exam

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Which culture is renowned for their detailed astronomical observations and predictions?

The Phoenicians
The Egyptian Old Kingdom
The Mayans
The Akkadians

The correct answer is: The Mayans

The Mayans are renowned for their impressive advancements in astronomy, which played a crucial role in their society. They meticulously observed celestial bodies and developed a complex calendar system that included the Tzolk'in (a 260-day calendar) and the Haab' (a 365-day calendar). Their predictions of solar and lunar eclipses, along with their knowledge of planetary movements, showcase their sophisticated understanding of astronomy. This knowledge was deeply intertwined with their agricultural practices, religious ceremonies, and social organization, emphasizing the importance of celestial cycles in their daily lives. The Mayans also built observatories, such as those found at Chichen Itza, to aid in their astronomical observations, further highlighting their dedication to the study of the heavens.